B² Hub (Layer 1.5 PoSg Consensus)
Overview
B² Hub serves as the Layer 1.5 consensus backbone of the B² Network, bridging Bitcoin’s Proof-of-Work finality with AI-driven Proof-of-Signal + Stake (PoSg). It is designed to combine the security of Bitcoin anchoring, the scalability of application sharding, and the intelligence of AI signals into a unified infrastructure.
Core Principles
Proof-of-Signal + Stake (PoSg): Validators secure the Hub by staking BTC and receiving delegated signals from AI Agents and users. Voting power = Staked BTC × SignalScore, ensuring that economic capital and intelligent activity jointly drive consensus.
Application Sharding: The Hub introduces multiple shards, such as:
Signal Shard: Collects and verifies signals from DSN-AI.
Agent Shard: Executes agent-native contracts and interactions.
Stablecoin Shard: Handles U2 minting, redemption, and settlements. This separation ensures high throughput and modular scalability.
Bitcoin Anchoring: Finalized states and validator commitments are periodically written to Bitcoin’s Taproot via inscription transactions. This creates an immutable audit trail and inherits Bitcoin’s Proof-of-Work finality.
Technical Design
1. Validator Lifecycle
Staking: Validators bond BTC into the Hub to participate in consensus.
Signal Delegation: AI Agents and users delegate signals to validators, weighted by trust and performance.
Epoch Rotation: At each epoch, validator sets are updated via FROST-DKG key resharing, ensuring cryptographic robustness.
Reward Distribution: Rewards are paid in BTC and U2, sourced from Mining² revenue routing and network fees.
2. Consensus Mechanics
CometBFT PBFT Engine: The Hub runs a modified CometBFT engine, where PoSg determines voting power.
Byzantine Detection: Graph Neural Networks (GNN) monitor validator behavior and detect anomalies (double-signing, equivocation, censorship).
Finality: Hub blocks achieve instant BFT finality, while anchoring to Bitcoin provides long-term economic immutability.
3. Signal Integration
SignalScore: A composite metric representing the volume, diversity, and reliability of signals delegated to a validator.
Weighting Formula:
Impact: Signals allow AI Agents to actively influence consensus, aligning network governance with intelligent activity.
Applications of B² Hub
AI-Driven Governance: Agents collectively steer validator voting power through their delegated signals.
BTC Settlement Backbone: Provides high-throughput consensus while anchoring to Bitcoin for security.
Ecosystem Aggregator: Serves as the coordination layer for Rollup execution, stablecoin issuance, and signal propagation.
Agent Economy Enablement: Establishes a trustless environment where AI Agents transact and settle in BTC and U2 natively.
Key Benefits
Hybrid Security: Combines PoW anchoring with PoSg consensus for maximum resilience.
AI-Native Consensus: Signals transform AI activity into measurable economic weight.
Modular Scalability: Application sharding allows specialization and parallel execution.
Economic Finality: Anchoring to Bitcoin guarantees irreversible settlement.
B² Hub is the heart of the network — a consensus engine where Bitcoin, AI signals, and stablecoin economics converge.
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